Effects Of Formative And Summative Assessment In Higher Education

Abstract

Assessment plays a crucial role in higher education by influencing students’ learning experiences, motivation, and academic performance. This article examines the effects of both formative and summative assessment, comparing their impact on student learning outcomes, engagement, and skill development. Through a review of relevant literature, the study highlights best practices in assessment strategies and suggests ways to integrate formative and summative assessments effectively to maximize student success. Two primary forms of assessment—formative and summative—serve distinct purposes within the educational framework. Formative assessment is intended to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback, while summative assessment evaluates student learning at the conclusion of an instructional period (Black & Wiliam, 1998). Understanding the interplay between these assessment types is crucial for improving student outcomes and instructional effectiveness